Windows XP: 

Security is less.

Need to install drivers.

File system is of NTFS.

Graphical user interface.

Multi user, Multi-tasking.

File system:

OS uses to keep track of  files on a disk.

NTFS:
New technology file system.
Stores and accesses information.
Compress files and folders so that you do not have to slow down the system.
Maximum file size is 2 TB.

FAT 32:
File allocation table.
Maximum file size is 4 GB.

Windows 10:
Secured than windows xp.
Automatic updates for drivers.
Supports both NTFS, FAT32.
Graphical user interface.
Multi user, Multi-tasking.

MS-DOS:
File system is of FAT.
Character user interface.
Single user.

Linux:
More secure.
Supports NTFS, FAT32.
Both graphical and character user interface.
Multi-tasking, Multi-user.